Note:

*While this website is mostly geared toward Adoptees who were adopted through the Korean Adoption Agency Korea Social Service (KSS), there is also information here which is relevant to ALL Korean Adoptees, regardless of their Korean Adoption Agency. This page is relevant to ONLY Korea Social Service (KSS) Adoptees.

KSS History - NEW Updates


We will post information here that relates to newly discovered information about KSS (Korea Social Service) history.

Please see the main KSS History page for more information.

KSS History - NEW Update 1:

The article below mentions something we did not know: that Harry Holt, founder of the Holt Adoption Agency, had a hand in selecting  KSS (Korea Social Service) Founder Kun Chil Paik (Alternately: Baek Geun-chil / Paik, Kun Chil / λ°±κ·ΌμΉ ) for study at the University of Minnesota as a Social Work student as part of the Minnesota Project. We had already known that KSS Founder Kun Chil Paik had received a Master’s degree in social work at the University of Minnesota in the 1950s, but we had no idea that Harry Holt had any involvement in Kun Chil Paik’s selection for this program. This article also discusses the close ties of the Korean government to the major Korean Adoption Agencies from their inception.

Translation below via Chat GPT. Please note, we have alternated the original Korean text and our English translation via ChatGPT. This is because ChatGPT can only handle so much text for translation at a time. Please feel free to translate the original Korean yourself if you prefer. We have added BOLDS for section titles and particularly RELEVANT information for KSS history, as well as !!! to indicate interesting items.

The most relevant information from this article for KSS history is in this section at the bottom: β€œCase 6: Corporate-Style Adoption Agencies Still Operating Maternity Homes”.

http://www.newscham.net/news/view.php?board=news&nid=105641 

β€œν† μ°© 기업이 된 λͺ¨μžμ›, 비리와 μ„ΈμŠ΅μ˜ 역사

[μ‹œμ„€μ— μˆ¨κ²¨μ§„ μ—¬μ„±λ“€β‘£μ—¬μ„― κ°€μ§€ μ‚¬λ‘€λ‘œ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Έ λͺ¨μžμ›λ“€

박닀솔, μœ€μ§€μ—°, μ€ν˜œμ§„ 기자 2020.12.31 10:07

  • 크게

  • μž‘κ²Œ

ν”„λ¦°νŠΈ

κΈ°μ‚¬κ³΅μœ  |

[이슈] μ‹œμ„€μ— μˆ¨κ²¨μ§„ μ—¬μ„±λ“€

β‘  λ§ˆλ…€μ‚¬λƒ₯이 λ²Œμ–΄μ§€λŠ” μ‹œμ„€μ—μ„œ 겨우 1년을 μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€

β‘‘ β€˜κ΅νšŒμ— κ°€κ² λ‹€β€™λŠ” μ„œμ•½μ„œλ₯Ό μ“°κ³  λͺ¨μžμ›μ— μž…μ†Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€

β‘’ 15λ…„κ°„μ˜ λ‚΄λΆ€κ³ λ°œ, β€œλ‹€μ‹œ μ‹Έμ›Œλ³΄λ € ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€β€

β‘£ ν† μ°© 기업이 된 λͺ¨μžμ›, 비리와 μ„ΈμŠ΅μ˜ 역사

β‘€ 미혼λͺ¨λŠ” 탄생과 λ™μ‹œμ— μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλ‘œμ„œ 좔방됐닀

β‘₯ μ •λΆ€κ°€ μ‹œμ„€μ— 숨긴 0.3%의 ν•œλΆ€λͺ¨ μ—¬μ„±λ“€

~

Indigenous Enterprises: History of Corruption and Nepotism

[Hidden Women in Facilitiesβ‘£] Examining Indigenous Enterprises through Six Cases

By Park Dasol, Yoon Jiyeon, Eun Hyejin, Journalists

2020.12.31 10:07

~

β€œμ΄ κΈ°κ΄€λ“€(λͺ¨μžλ³΄ν˜Έμ‹œμ„€) λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ 60λ…„λŒ€ κΈ°κ΄€ μ•„λ‹Œκ°€. κ°€μ‘±κ²½μ˜μœΌλ‘œ 이뀄져 μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ 이미 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν‚Ήμ΄ λ‹€ ν˜•μ„±λΌ 있고, ν˜‘λ ₯ν•˜λŠ” 상담 κΈ°κ΄€μ΄λ‚˜ μ™ΈλΆ€ 강사듀이 κΈ°κ΄€ μ’…μ‚¬μžλ“€κ³Ό λ°€μ ‘ν•œ 관계가 생긴닀. μ‹œμ„€μž₯κ³Ό μ‹œμ„€ μ’…μ‚¬μžλ“€μ˜ μž…λ§›μ— 맞게 운영될 수 μžˆλ‹€. 여기에 λ“€μ–΄κ°€ 계신 λΆ„λ“€(μž…μ†Œμž)은 자기 κ²°μ •κΆŒμ„ 사싀상 μΉ¨ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. μ €ν•œν…Œ 총 6λͺ…이 ν•™λŒ€λ°›μ€ 자료λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ™”λ‹€.”

λΆ€μ‚°μ‹œμ˜νšŒ λ³΅μ§€μ•ˆμ „μœ„μ›νšŒ μ†Œμ† ꡬ경민 μ˜μ›μ€ μ§€λ‚œ 11μ›” 19일 μ—΄λ¦° ν–‰μ •μ‚¬λ¬΄κ°μ‚¬μ—μ„œ 이같이 λ§ν–ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŠ” λΆ€μ‚°μ‹œ ν•œλΆ€λͺ¨κ°€μ‘±λ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€μ—μ„œ μ •λΆ€ 및 μ§€μžμ²΄μ˜ 지원 ν˜œνƒμ„ μ•…μš©ν•˜κ³ , μ‹œμ„€ μ΄μš©μžμ— λŒ€ν•œ 인ꢌ유린 등이 λΉˆλ²ˆν•˜κ²Œ μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μœΌλ©°, μ‹œμ„€ 운영자의 횑포둜 λΆ€λ‹Ή ν‡΄μ†ŒκΉŒμ§€ λ°œμƒν–ˆλ‹€κ³  λ°ν˜”λ‹€.

μ•„μšΈλŸ¬ λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ λ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€μ΄ 3λŒ€μ— 걸쳐 μ„ΈμŠ΅λΌ 폐쇄적인 κ°€μ‘±κ²½μ˜ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μš΄μ˜λœλ‹€κ³  μ§€μ ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆλ‹€.

λͺ¨μžμ› λ“±μ˜ ν•œλΆ€λͺ¨κ°€μ‘±λ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 비리, 횑령, μΈκΆŒμΉ¨ν•΄ λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ–΄μ œμ˜€λŠ˜ 일이 μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•œκ΅­ μ „μŸ μ „ν›„λ‘œ μš°ν›„μ£½μˆœ μƒκ²¨λ‚¬λ˜ λ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€λ“€μ€ κ³Όκ±° μ—¬λŸ¬ λ…Όλž€κ³Ό 좔문에 νœ©μ‹Έμ΄λ©΄μ„œλ„ μ •λΆ€μ˜ β€˜λ³΅μ§€ 외주화’ 정책에 νž˜μž…μ–΄ κ·Έ λͺ…λ§₯을 μœ μ§€ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 이듀은 ꡭ고보쑰금으둜 μ‹œμ„€μ„ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λ©° 사업을 ν™•μž₯ν•˜κ³ , 이λ₯Ό κ°€μ‘±λ“€μ—κ²Œ κ³ μŠ€λž€νžˆ μ„ΈμŠ΅ν•˜λ©°, 심지어 κΈ°μ—…μ£Όλ‚˜ μ‚¬μ—…κ°€λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ§€κ°ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œλ‹€. λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‹œμ„€μ΄ 쒅ꡐ와 μ—°κ²°λœ 탓에 μž…μ†Œμžλ₯Ό μƒλŒ€λ‘œ 쒅ꡐ κ°•μš” 같은 μΈκΆŒμΉ¨ν•΄κ°€ λ°œμƒν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œλ‹€. μ‚¬νšŒμ  μ•½μžμΈ λͺ¨μžκ°€μ •을 μ‹œμ„€λ‘œ β€˜κ²©λ¦¬β€™ν•˜λŠ” ν˜„ κ°€μ‘± 정책은 였히렀 μ—¬μ„±μ˜ 자립과 생쑴을 μœ„ν˜‘ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€.

~

"Most of these institutions (shelters) seem to be from the 1960s. They are run as family businesses, and networking is already established in the area. There are close relationships between the counseling agencies or external instructors who collaborate with the facility staff. The facilities can be operated according to the preferences of the facility managers and staff. Those who enter here (residents) are practically having their decision-making rights infringed upon. I was provided with evidence of abuse against a total of six individuals."

Assemblyman Koo Kyung-min of the Welfare and Safety Committee of the Busan Metropolitan Council stated this during an administrative audit held on November 19th. He revealed that the government and local governments have been abusing the support and benefits provided to single-parent family welfare facilities in Busan, frequent occurrences of human rights violations against facility users, and even unfair dismissals due to the tyranny of facility operators.

He also pointed out that many welfare facilities are being inherited over three generations and operated in a closed family management style.

The issues of corruption, embezzlement, and human rights violations occurring in single-parent family welfare facilities such as shelters are not new. Welfare facilities that emerged helter-skelter before and after the Korean War have maintained their lineage thanks to the government's policy of 'outsourcing welfare'. They operate facilities with government subsidies, expand their businesses, fully inherit them to their families, and even sell them to business owners or entrepreneurs. Due to the connection to religion in most facilities, human rights violations such as religious coercion against residents often occur. The current family policy of isolating vulnerable single-parent families in facilities is actually threatening women's autonomy and survival.

~

사둀1.

β€˜νŠΉμ‘°μœ„β€™κΉŒμ§€ κ΅¬μ„±λλ˜ λͺ¨μžμ› 횑령 사건, 아직도 그곳은 κ±΄μž¬ν•˜λ‹€

1977λ…„10μ›”γ€ˆμ‘°μ„ μΌλ³΄γ€‰(1),γ€ˆλ™μ•„μΌλ³΄γ€‰(2), γ€ˆκ²½ν–₯신문〉(3)λ“±μ˜ 보도에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ λ‹Ήμ‹œ λΆ€μ‚°μ§€μ—­ λͺ¨μžλ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€ 8κ³³μ—μ„œ 횑령 사건이 λ°œμƒν–ˆλ‹€. μ‹œμ„€ μž…μ†Œμžμ—κ²Œ μ§€κΈ‰λ˜λŠ” μ •λΆ€ 생계비와 μ™ΈλΆ€ ꡬ호금 등을 μ‹œμ„€ 원μž₯ 및 κ΄€κ³„μžλ“€μ΄ μ°©λ³΅ν•œ μ‚¬κ±΄μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 그리고 23년이 μ§€λ‚œ ν˜„μž¬, λ‹Ήμ‹œ λ…Όλž€μ„ 일으켰던 μ‹œμ„€ 8κ³³ 쀑 6곳이 κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μš΄μ˜μ„ 이어가고 μžˆλ‹€. 5곳은 λͺ¨μžκ°€μ‘±λ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€λ‘œ, 1곳은 μΌμ‹œμ§€μ›λ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€λ‘œ 등둝돼 μžˆλ‹€.

λ‹Ήμ‹œ κ΅¬ν˜ΈκΈˆμ„ νš‘λ Ήν–ˆλ˜ Aλͺ¨μžμ› 원μž₯ 이 λͺ¨ μ”¨λŠ”, 사건 λ°œμƒ 후에도 μ•½ 13λ…„κ°„ μ‹œμ„€μ—μ„œ 원μž₯직을 μœ μ§€ν–ˆλ‹€. 그리고 또 ν•œ 번의 횑령 사건을 μΌμœΌν‚€κΈ° μ „κΉŒμ§€ κ·ΈλŠ” Aλͺ¨μžμ›μ—μ„œλ§Œ 무렀 34λ…„κ°„ 원μž₯으둜 μΌν–ˆλ‹€. 두 번째 횑령 사건은 1991λ…„ λΆ€μ‚° μ„œκ΅¬μ˜νšŒμ„œ β€˜Aλͺ¨μžμ› μš΄μ˜μ‹€νƒœμ‘°μ‚¬νŠΉλ³„μœ„μ›νšŒβ€™κ°€ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜λ©° 세상에 μ•Œλ €μ‘Œλ‹€. 이 μ”¨λŠ” μ‹€μ œ κ·Όλ¬΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 유령 직원듀을 등둝해 놓고 κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œ μ§€κΈ‰λ˜λŠ” 인건비와 μ°¨λŸ‰ μš΄μ˜λΉ„, 건좕비λ₯Ό νš‘λ Ήν–ˆλ‹€. μ‹œμ„€ 수용 μ—¬μ„±λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ§€κΈ‰λ˜λŠ” 생계비λ₯Ό μ°©λ³΅ν–ˆμœΌλ©°, μ‹œμ„€μ„ μ‹œμ„€μˆ˜μš© λŒ€μƒμžκ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ λΆˆλ²• μž„λŒ€ν•΄ μž„λŒ€λ£Œλ₯Ό λ°›μ•„ μ±™κ²Όλ‹€. μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 이 씨가 νš‘λ Ήν•œ κΈˆμ•‘μ€ λ‹Ήμ‹œ 돈으둜 무렀 2μ–΅3천만 원에 λ‹¬ν–ˆλ‹€.

세간에 μ•Œλ €μ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ 이 μ”¨μ˜ 비리 행각은, κ·Έκ°€ λͺ¨μžμ›μ„ 사업가 λ“±μ—κ²Œ λΆˆλ²•μ μœΌλ‘œ λ§€κ°ν•˜λŠ” κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ 수면 μœ„λ‘œ λ“œλŸ¬λ‚¬λ‹€.

이 μ”¨λŠ” λͺ¨μžμ› μ΄μ‚¬μ˜€λ˜ κ°• λͺ¨ 씨와, λͺ¨ 병원μž₯κ³Ό, 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬μ—…κ°€μ—κ²Œ λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬μ§ 및 λͺ¨μžμ› 양도 μ–‘μˆ˜λ₯Ό 쑰건으둜 각각 μˆ˜μ–΅μ—¬ 원을 μ€‘λ³΅μœΌλ‘œ λ°›μ•„ μ±™κ²Όλ‹€. κ·Έ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬μ§μ„ λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Έκ³  μ–‘μˆ˜μžλ“€ κ°„μ˜ κ°ˆλ“±μ΄ 일어났닀. 이미 λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬μ§μ— 올랐던 κ°• 씨와, 그의 츑근이자 원μž₯ μ§λ¬΄λŒ€λ¦¬λ₯Ό λ§‘κ³  있던 μ‘° λͺ¨ 씨가 λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬λ₯Ό λ„˜κΈΈ 수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” μž…μž₯을 ν”Όλ ₯ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈ μž¬μ‚°μ€ 양도 μ–‘μˆ˜κ°€ 될 수 μ—†μŒμ—λ„, λ’€μ—μ„œλŠ” νŽΈλ²•μ μΈ 맀각 및 λ§€μˆ˜κ°€ μ΄λ€„μ‘Œλ‹€λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€.

λ‹Ήμ‹œ λΆ€μ‚° μ„œκ΅¬μ˜νšŒ νšŒμ˜λ‘μ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ ν•œ κ΅¬μ˜μ›μ€ β€œ(ν˜„μž¬) λͺ¨μžμ›μ„ μ†Œμœ ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒ(κ°• 씨)은 λ²•μ˜ 맹점을 μ΄μš©ν•΄ λͺ¨μžμ›μ„ μ‚΄ 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒβ€μ΄λΌλ©° β€œν˜„μž¬ 이사μž₯κ³Ό 이사듀도 2μ–΅3천만 원(양도 μ–‘μˆ˜ κΈˆμ•‘) 도μž₯을 같이 찍은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€β€μ΄λΌκ³  λΉ„νŒν–ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ νŠΉλ³„μœ„μ›νšŒ 쑰사 이후 λͺ¨μžμ›μ—μ„œ ν‡΄μΆœ, μ²˜λ²Œλ°›μ€ μ΄λŠ” 이 씨 ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλΏμ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œ 2μ–΅3천만 원에 λͺ¨μžμ›μ„ μΈμˆ˜ν–ˆλ˜ λŒ€ν˜• λΆ€ν’ˆμœ ν†΅μ—…μ²΄ 사μž₯ κ°• μ”¨λŠ”, 2004λ…„ 말 κΉŒμ§€ 13λ…„κ°„ λͺ¨μžμ› λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬μ§μ„ μœ μ§€ν–ˆλ‹€. κ°• μ”¨λŠ” 2001λ…„ 1μ–΅ 원이 λ„˜λŠ” κ³ μ•‘, μƒμŠ΅ μ„ΈκΈˆ μ²΄λ‚©μž λͺ…단에 이름을 올린 인물이기도 ν–ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ ν›„μ—λŠ” κ°• μ”¨μ˜ 츑근이자, 사건 λ‹Ήμ‹œ 이사 및 원μž₯ μ§λ¬΄λŒ€λ¦¬λ₯Ό λ§‘μ•˜λ˜ μ‘° 씨가 원μž₯으둜 μ·¨μž„ν–ˆκ³  2005λ…„ λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬μ§μ„ 이어 λ°›μ•„ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ 이λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€.

상황이 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ 된 λ°μ—λŠ” ꡬ청 κ³΅λ¬΄μ›λ“€μ˜ 묡인과 λΉ„ν˜Έκ°€ ν•œλͺ«ν–ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œ λΆ€μ‚° μ„œκ΅¬μ²­ 곡무원 λ¬Έ λͺ¨ μ”¨λŠ” κ΅¬μ˜νšŒμ— μΆœμ„ν•΄ β€œμ΄ 법인은 μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ 큰 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, 이λ₯Ό μœ„λ²• 자체둜만 κ³΅μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λ©΄ 법인이 해체돼야 ν•œλ‹€β€λΌλ©° μ‹œμ„€μ„ λΉ„ν˜Έν–ˆλ‹€. ꡬ청 κ³Όμž₯이 μž¬λ‹¨ 이사듀과 β€˜λ‹΄νŒβ€™μ„ μ§“λŠ” λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 사건을 λ¬΄λ§ˆν•˜λ € ν•œ 정황도 λ‚˜μ˜¨λ‹€. κ°€μž₯ 큰 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹œμ—λ„ λΆ€μ‚°μ§€μ—­ λͺ¨μžμ› μž…μ†Œμœ¨μ΄ μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ μ €μ‘°ν–ˆλŠ”λ°λ„, 묻지도 따지지도 μ•Šκ³  μ‹œμ„€μ„ μœ μ§€ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 인식이 νŒ½λ°°ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것이닀. ꡬ청 곡무원 λ¬Έ μ”¨λŠ” β€œλΆ€μ‚° 내에 λͺ¨μž μ‹œμ„€μ΄ 8κ°œμ†Œκ°€ μžˆλŠ”λ°, ν˜„μž¬ μˆ˜μš©ν¬λ§μžκ°€ μ—†μ–΄ μ•½ 3λΆ„μ˜ 1정도 수용돼 μžˆλ‹€β€λ©° β€œκΈ°ν”Όν•˜λŠ” 이유 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ μžλ…€λ“€μ΄ κ·Έ μ‹œμ„€μ— μ•ˆ λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ €κ³  ν•œλ‹€. μ•žμœΌλ‘œ 이것은 κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ 저희가 넣도둝 ν•˜κ² λ‹€β€κ³  λ§ν–ˆλ‹€. μ•„μšΈλŸ¬ β€œμš΄μ˜μ„ ν•˜λ‹€λ³΄λ©΄ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν•˜λŠ” μΌμ΄λ‹ˆ 잘λͺ»μ„ ν•œλ‹€β€λ©΄μ„œ, κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ β€œμ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€μ„ λ„“ν˜€κ°€μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€β€κ³  κ°•μ‘°ν–ˆλ‹€.

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Case 1:

The Embezzlement Case of the Indigenous Welfare Facility, Still Thriving

According to reports from newspapers such as Chosun Ilbo (1), Dong-a Ilbo (2), and Kyunghyang Shinmun (3) in October 1977, embezzlement cases occurred at eight single-parent welfare facilities in the Busan area at the time. The directors and relevant individuals of the facilities embezzled government livelihood funds and external relief funds allocated to facility residents. Presently, after 23 years, six out of the eight facilities that sparked controversy at the time are still in operation. Five are registered as single-parent family welfare facilities, and one is registered as a temporary support welfare facility.

The director of Facility A, Mr. Lee, who embezzled relief funds at the time, maintained his position as director for about 13 years even after the incident occurred. Furthermore, until causing another embezzlement case, he worked as the director of Facility A for a whopping 34 years. The second embezzlement case was brought to light in 1991 when the "Special Committee for Investigating the Operation Status of Facility A" was established in Busan Seo-gu. Mr. Lee registered non-existent employees and embezzled personnel expenses, vehicle operation expenses, and construction expenses provided by the government. He embezzled livelihood funds allocated to female residents of the facility and illegally leased the facility to individuals who were not the intended beneficiaries, pocketing rental fees. The amount embezzled by Mr. Lee amounted to a staggering 230 million won in today's currency.

The corrupt practices of Mr. Lee, which were not widely known, surfaced during the process of illegally selling the facility to businessmen.

Mr. Lee received hundreds of millions of won multiple times from Mr. Kang, who was a member of the board of Facility A, the hospital director, and another businessman, as conditions for assuming the position of CEO and transferring ownership of the facility. Conflicts arose among the recipients of the transfer due to the contention that Mr. Kang, who was already the CEO, and his close associate Mr. Cho, who served as the acting director, could not transfer the CEO position. The crucial point was that even though the transfer of property owned by the welfare foundation was illegal, underhanded sales and purchases were carried out behind the scenes.

According to the minutes of the Seo-gu Council meeting at the time, one councilor remarked, "(Currently) the person who owns the facility (Mr. Kang) is someone who knows how to use legal loopholes to acquire the facility," criticizing that "the current chairman and board members are people who have also received the 230 million won (transfer amount) stamps together." However, after the investigation by the special committee, only Mr. Lee was expelled from the facility and faced punishment. Mr. Kang, who acquired the facility for 230 million won, maintained the position of CEO for 13 years until the end of 2004. Mr. Kang was also a person who was listed on the list of habitual tax defaulters for owing more than 100 million won in taxes in 2001. Subsequently, Mr. Cho, who was Mr. Kang's close associate and served as an executive and acting director at the time of the incident, assumed the position of director and has maintained it since receiving the CEO position in 2005.

The complicity and protection of municipal officials also played a role in the current situation. Mr. Moon, a municipal employee at the time at Busan Seo-gu Office, attended the council meeting and defended the facility, saying, "This corporation has significant problems, but if we officially resolve them as illegal, the corporation should be disbanded." There were also indications that the incident was covered up by making deals with foundation directors. The biggest problem was that despite the low admission rates of single-parent facilities in the Busan area at the time, there was a prevailing notion that the facilities should be maintained without questioning or probing. Mr. Moon, the municipal employee, stated, "There are eight single-parent facilities in Busan, and currently, about one-third of the capacity is filled due to the lack of prospective residents," and said, "One of the reasons for avoidance is that children do not want to go into those facilities. We will continue to push them into the facilities." He also emphasized, "Since people are the ones operating it, mistakes will be made," yet still stressed the need to expand social welfare facilities.

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Aλͺ¨μžμ›μ€ 2020λ…„ ν˜„μž¬ 12μ„ΈλŒ€λ₯Ό μˆ˜μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 규λͺ¨λ‘œ 운영되고 μžˆλ‹€. 1991λ…„ κΈ°μ€€ μž…μ†Œ μ„ΈλŒ€κ°€ 24μ„ΈλŒ€μ˜€λ˜ 점을 κ³ λ €ν•˜λ©΄, 규λͺ¨κ°€ 절반으둜 쀄어든 μ…ˆμ΄λ‹€. Aλͺ¨μžμ›μ— μ§€κΈ‰λœ 2020λ…„ ꡭ고보쑰금 및 μ§€μžμ²΄ μ§€μ›κΈˆ μˆ˜μž…μ€ μ•½ 3μ–΅7천만 원. 전체 μ˜ˆμ‚°μ˜ 90% 이상이 μ •λΆ€ μ˜ˆμ‚°μœΌλ‘œ μš΄μš©λ˜λŠ” ꡬ쑰닀. 그리고 μ„Έμž…μ˜ˆμ‚° 쀑 인건비 λ“±μ˜ 사무비와 μž¬μ‚°μ‘°μ„±λΉ„λ‘œλ§Œ μ•½ 3μ–΅ 원을 μ§€μΆœν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€.

1. λͺ¨μžμ›μ„œ ꡬ호금 횑령,γ€ˆμ‘°μ„ μΌλ³΄γ€‰, 1977.10.26.

2. 원생 생계비 νš‘λ Ήγ€ˆ, 동아일보〉, 1977.10.25.

3. 고아원 κ΅¬ν˜ΈκΈˆν’ˆ 빼돌렀,γ€ˆκ²½ν–₯신문〉, 1977.10.25.

사둀2.

κΈ°μ—…κ°€λΆ€ν„° 3λŒ€ μ„ΈμŠ΅κΉŒμ§€, κΈ°μ—…ν˜• λͺ¨μžμ›

1995λ…„ μ„€λ¦½λœ λΆ€μ‚°μ‹œ Bλͺ¨μžμ›μ€ ν•œλ•Œ 쀑견 κ±΄μ„€νšŒμ‚¬ 회μž₯이 μ†Œμœ ν•˜λ˜ 곳이닀. μ‚Όμ„± 계열사 μΆœμ‹  인물둜 μ•Œλ €μ§„ λ°• 회μž₯은 70~80λ…„λŒ€ μ•„νŒŒνŠΈ 건섀 뢐을 타고 사업을 ν™•μž₯ν–ˆλ‹€. κ·Έκ°€ 회μž₯으둜 있던 그룹은 건섀사, κ°œλ°œμ‚¬, λ†μˆ˜μ‚° μœ ν†΅ λ“±μ˜ 계열사λ₯Ό λΉ„λ‘―ν•΄ 학ꡐ법인, μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈ, λ¬Έν™”μž¬λ‹¨ λ“±μœΌλ‘œκΉŒμ§€ 사업을 λ„“ν˜”λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹€ λ§‰λŒ€ν•œ μžκΈˆμ„ μŸμ•„λΆ€μ€ μ•„νŒŒνŠΈ 건섀 사업이 λ§‰νžˆλ©΄μ„œ κ²½μ˜λ‚œμ— μ‹œλ‹¬λ Έκ³ , 1996λ…„ 12μ›” 뢀도λ₯Ό λ§žμ•˜λ‹€.

κ²½μ˜λ‚œμ— μ‹œλ‹¬λ¦° 사업주 μΌκ°€μ—κ²Œ Bλͺ¨μžμ›μ€ λΉ„μƒκΈˆμ„ μœ μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” β€˜μΈμΆœκΈ°β€™μ˜€λ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œ 경영이 μ–΄λ €μ›Œμ§„ νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” Bλͺ¨μžμ›μ˜ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€ 법인이 μ†Œμœ ν•˜κ³  있던 μ€ν–‰μ˜ˆκΈˆ 23μ–΅ 원을 νšŒμ‚¬ 곡금으둜 μΈμΆœν•΄ μœ μš©ν–ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œ μ–Έλ‘  보도에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄, ꡬ청은 이 같은 사싀을 6κ°œμ›”μ΄ μ§€λ‚œ 뒀에야 νŒŒμ•…ν–ˆκ³ , κ·Έ 후에도 상뢀 기관에 보고쑰차 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€.

이와 κ΄€λ ¨ν•΄ ꡬ청 λ‹΄λ‹Ή 직원은 β€œλΉ„λ‘ 뢀도가 λ‚¬μ§€λ§Œ 23μ–΅ 원 μ •λ„λŠ” λ‚©μž…ν•  λŠ₯λ ₯이 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μ•ˆλ‹€β€κ³  λ°ν˜€ λ…Όλž€μ΄ 일기도 ν–ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈμ„ 관리, 점검해야 ν•  ꡬ청이 법인 νšŒκ³„ μœ μš©μ„ λŒ€μˆ˜λ‘­μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 일둜 μΈμ‹ν•œ μ…ˆμ΄λ‹€. 특히 사건 λ°œμƒ λ‹Ήμ‹œ, Bλͺ¨μžμ› 원μž₯은 ꡬ청 가정볡지과μž₯을 μ§€λƒˆλ˜ 곡무원 μΆœμ‹ μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€.

심지어 ν•΄λ‹Ή 사건이 λ²Œμ–΄μ§„ 후에도 λ°• 회μž₯은 μˆ˜λ…„κ°„ Bλͺ¨μžμ›μ˜ λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬μ§μ„ μœ μ§€ν–ˆλ‹€. λ°• 회μž₯이 λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μž„ν•œ μ‹œκΈ°λŠ” 사건 λ°œμƒ 5λ…„μ—¬κ°€ μ§€λ‚œ 2002λ…„ 3월이닀. ν›„μž„μœΌλ‘œλŠ” λ°• 회μž₯κ³Ό μ£Όμ†Œμ§€κ°€ λ™μΌν•œ 이 λͺ¨ 씨가 λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬ μžλ¦¬μ— μ˜¬λžλ‹€. 호주 ꡭ적을 κ°€μ§„ 이 μ”¨λŠ” ν˜„μž¬κΉŒμ§€ μ•½ 19λ…„κ°„ Bλͺ¨μžμ›μ„ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈ λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬λ‘œ 이름을 올리고 μžˆλ‹€. 2019λ…„ Bλͺ¨μžμ›μ˜ μΆ”κ²½μ˜ˆμ‚°μ„ 보면, κ΅­κ³  및 μ‹œλ„λ³΄μ‘°κΈˆμœΌλ‘œ μ•½ 7μ–΅4천만 μ›μ˜ 지원을 λ°›μ•˜λ‹€. 이곳의 원μž₯은 μ›” 480μ—¬λ§Œ 원, 사무ꡭμž₯은 μ›” 430만 μ›μ˜ 기본급을 포함해, λͺ…μ ˆνœ΄κ°€λΉ„, κ°€μ‘±μˆ˜λ‹Ή λ“± μ›” 500만 원 μ΄μƒμ˜ 월급을 λ°›μ•˜λ‹€.

1977년에 μž…μ†Œμž 생계비와 μ™ΈλΆ€ ꡬ호금 등을 νš‘λ Ήν•œ Cλͺ¨μžμ› μ„€λ¦½μž κ²Έ 원μž₯은 2005λ…„ 3μ›”κΉŒμ§€ 원μž₯직을 μœ μ§€ν–ˆλ‹€. κ·Έκ°€ μš΄μ˜ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈμ€ λͺ¨μžμ›μ„ ν¬ν•¨ν•œ 노인건강센터 λ“±μ˜ μ‹œμ„€λ‘œκΉŒμ§€ ν™•μž₯ν–ˆκ³ , μ•„λ“€κ³Ό 며느리, 손녀에 이λ₯΄κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ 3λŒ€κ°€ 각 μ‹œμ„€μ˜ 원μž₯κ³Ό λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬μ§ 등을 λ§‘κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 1957λ…„ μ„€λ¦½λœ Dλͺ¨μžμ›μ˜ 경우, 섀립 3λ…„ λ§Œμ— μ„€λ¦½μž κ²Έ 원μž₯이 횑령 혐의λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜λ‹€. κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ 원μž₯직을 μœ μ§€ν–ˆκ³ , 1977λ…„ 또 ν•œ 번 νš‘λ Ήμ‚¬κ±΄μ— νœ©μ‹Έμ˜€λ‹€. Eλͺ¨μžμ› μ—­μ‹œ 1977λ…„ 횑령 사건을 일으켰던 λ‹Ήμ‹œ λͺ¨μžμ› 뢀원μž₯ κ²Έ 총무가 13λ…„ 뒀인 1990λ…„ 원μž₯으둜 μ·¨μž„ν–ˆλ‹€.

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Case 1:

Operational Scale of A Welfare Facility Decreased by Half, But Still Operating

As of 2020, A Welfare Facility operates on a scale capable of accommodating 12 generations. Considering that the number of resident generations was 24 as of 1991, the scale has halved. In 2020, the government subsidies and local government support funds received by A Welfare Facility amounted to approximately 370 million won. More than 90% of the total budget is funded by government budgets. Out of the income budget, approximately 300 million won is spent on administrative expenses such as personnel expenses and property creation expenses.

  • Embezzlement of Relief Funds at the Welfare Facility, Chosun Ilbo, October 26, 1977.

  • Embezzlement of Livelihood Funds for Residents, Dong-a Ilbo, October 25, 1977.

  • Diversion of Relief Goods from Orphanages, Kyunghyang Shinmun, October 25, 1977.

Case 2:

From Entrepreneurship to Three Generations of Inheritance, Corporate-style Welfare Facilities

Established in 1995, B Welfare Facility in Busan was once owned by the chairman of a mid-sized construction company. Park, the chairman, known to be from a Samsung affiliate, expanded his business during the apartment construction boom in the 1970s and 1980s. The group led by Park, who was the chairman, expanded its business to include construction companies, development companies, agricultural and fishery distribution companies, as well as school corporations, social welfare corporations, and cultural foundations. However, when the apartment construction business, which poured a huge amount of funds, faced difficulties, the group struggled with management issues and went bankrupt in December 1996.

For the troubled business family, B Welfare Facility was a "withdrawal machine" that could be used as an emergency fund. At the time, the struggling company withdrew 2.3 billion won from the bank account of the social welfare corporation owned by B Welfare Facility as company funds. According to media reports at the time, it was only six months later that the municipal office became aware of this fact, and even then, it did not report to the higher authorities.

In relation to this, a municipal official stated, "Although the company went bankrupt, it is known to have the ability to pay about 2.3 billion won," sparking controversy. The municipal office responsible for managing and inspecting social welfare corporations perceived the diversion of corporation accounts as trivial. Especially at the time of the incident, the director of B Welfare Facility was a former government official who served as the head of the municipal family welfare department.

Furthermore, even after the incident, Chairman Park maintained the position of CEO of B Welfare Facility for several years. Chairman Park resigned as CEO in March 2002, more than five years after the incident. He was succeeded by Mr. Lee, who had the same address as Chairman Park. Mr. Lee, an Australian citizen, has been the CEO of B Welfare Facility for about 19 years. In 2019, B Welfare Facility received approximately 740 million won in supplementary budget from national and provincial subsidies. The director here received a monthly salary of over 5 million won, including basic salary for the director and office manager, as well as holiday allowances and family allowances.

In 1977, the founder and director of C Welfare Facility, who embezzled resident livelihood funds and external relief funds, maintained the position of director until March 2005. The social welfare corporation he operated expanded to include facilities such as nursing homes, with three generations, including his son, daughter-in-law, and granddaughter, serving as directors and CEOs of various facilities. In the case of D Welfare Facility established in 1957, the founder and director were accused of embezzlement three years after its establishment. Despite this, he maintained his position as director and was embroiled in another embezzlement case in 1977. Similarly, in 1990, the vice-chairman and treasurer of E Welfare Facility, who caused the embezzlement case in 1977, became the director 13 years later.

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사둀3.

β€˜κ΅­κ°€λ³΄ν›ˆμ²˜β€™μ™€ μ—°κ²°λœ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈ, νš‘λ Ήβ€§λΉ„λ¦¬β€§λ…Έμ‘°νƒ„μ••κΉŒμ§€

λŒ€κ΅¬ λͺ©λ ¨λͺ¨μžμ›μ„ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 미망인λͺ¨μž λ³΅μ§€νšŒ(λ³΅μ§€νšŒ)λŠ” μˆ˜λ…„ μ „λΆ€ν„° λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬ λ“± μž„μ›λ“€μ˜ λ°°μž„, 횑령으둜 λ…Όλž€μ„ λΉšμ–΄μ™”λ‹€. μ„€λ¦½μžμΈ μ•ˆλͺ©λ‹¨ μ”¨λŠ” 1972λ…„ 윑영수 μ—¬μ‚¬μ˜ λ„μ›€μœΌλ‘œ 민간인 졜초 κ΅°μš©νŒ¬ν‹° λ΄‰μ œκ³΅μž₯을 μ„€λ¦½ν•œ 인물이닀. μ²˜μŒμ—λŠ” μ „μŸλ―Έλ§μΈμ„ 돕기 μœ„ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈμœΌλ‘œ μΆœλ°œν–ˆμœΌλ‚˜, ν˜„μž¬λŠ” λͺ¨μžμ›κ³Ό 어린이집, μž₯학사업 λ“±μœΌλ‘œ λ²”μœ„λ₯Ό λ„“ν˜”λ‹€. 법인이 μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” κ΅°μš©νŒ¬ν‹° λ΄‰μ œκ³΅μž₯은 ν•œλΆ€λͺ¨κ°€μ • μ—¬μ„±κ³Ό 어린이 등을 μ§€μ›ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μˆ˜μ΅μ‚¬μ—…μ²΄ 역할을 ν–ˆλ‹€.

λ³΅μ§€νšŒ μ „ λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μž 원μž₯인 μ•ˆ μ”¨λŠ” 박정희, μ „λ‘ν™˜ μ •κΆŒ μ‹œμ ˆ μ—¬μ„±κ³„μ—μ„œ κ΅΅μ§ν•œ 역할을 ν•΄μ™”λ‹€. κ·ΈλŠ” μ „λ‘ν™˜ μ •κΆŒμΈ 제5곡화ꡭ 섀립 직전, κ΅­κ°€λ³΄μœ„μž…λ²•νšŒμ˜ 81λͺ… 쀑 여성계 λŒ€ν‘œλ‘œ 이름을 μ˜¬λ Έλ‹€. κ΅­κ°€λ³΄μœ„μž…λ²•νšŒμ˜λŠ” μ „λ‘ν™˜ μ •κΆŒ 수립의 법적 ν† λŒ€λ₯Ό λ§ˆλ ¨ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 기ꡬ둜, 81λͺ… 전원을 μ „λ‘ν™˜μ΄ μž„λͺ…ν–ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œ κ΅­κ°€λ³΄μœ„ μž…λ²•νšŒμ˜λŠ” μ •μΉ˜κΆŒ μΈμ‚¬λ“€μ˜ μ •μΉ˜ ν™œλ™ κΈˆμ§€λ₯Ό λΉ„λ‘―ν•΄ κ΅­κ°€λ³΄μ•ˆλ²•, 언둠기본법, 노동법, μ§‘μ‹œλ²• κ°œμ•… μ•ˆ 등을 ν†΅κ³Όμ‹œμΌ°λ‹€. 여성계 λŒ€ν‘œ λͺ«μœΌλ‘œ μž…λ²•νšŒμ˜μ— μ°Έμ—¬ν•œ μ•ˆ μ”¨μ˜ λ‹Ήμ‹œ 직함은 λŒ€ν•œλ―Όκ΅­μ „λͺ°κ΅°κ²½ 미망인회(미망인회)회μž₯μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€.

λ―Έλ§μΈνšŒλŠ” μ •λΆ€ 기관인 β€˜κ΅­κ°€λ³΄ν›ˆμ²˜β€™μ˜ 보쑰금으둜 μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 기관이닀. 그리고 λ³΅μ§€νšŒλŠ” 미망인회의 μ‚¬μ‹€μƒμ˜ μ§€μ—­ ν•˜λΆ€ λ‹¨μ²΄λ‘œ 역할을 ν•΄μ™”λ‹€. μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ³΅μ§€νšŒλŠ” 1971λ…„ 미망인회 경뢁지뢀 κ°„λΆ€ 총회의 결의둜 건립됐닀. λ³΅μ§€νšŒκ°€ 곡μž₯ 운영으둜 λ²Œμ–΄λ“€μΈ μˆ˜μ΅λ„ 미망인회둜 λ“€μ–΄κ°”λ‹€. μ•ˆλͺ©λ‹¨ μ „ λŒ€ν‘œλ₯Ό λΉ„λ‘―ν•΄ μ—­λŒ€ 미망인회 회μž₯듀은 λ³΅μ§€νšŒ λŒ€ν‘œμ΄μ‚¬ 및 이사λ₯Ό μ—­μž„ν–ˆλ‹€. μ •λŒ€μ€‘ ν•œκ΅­λ…Έμ΄ μ „κ΅­μ„¬μœ  μœ ν†΅λ…Έλ™μ‘°ν•©μ—°λ§Ή μ‹€μž₯은 β€œμ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈ 미망인λͺ¨μžλ³΅μ§€νšŒμ˜ 상급 단체가 λŒ€ν•œλ―Όκ΅­ μ „λͺ°κ΅°κ²½λ―Έλ§μΈνšŒλ‹€. 미망인회 μ‚°ν•˜ 각 μ§€μ—­ μ§€λΆ€κ°€ 있고, λ³΅μ§€νšŒλŠ” λŒ€κ΅¬μ§€μ—­μ§€λΆ€μ— μ†Œμ†λΌ μžˆλ‹€. 사싀상 동일체와 같닀”고 μ„€λͺ…ν–ˆλ‹€.

미망인회 10λŒ€ 회μž₯이자 40λ…„κ°„ λ³΅μ§€νšŒ λŒ€ν‘œ 이사 및 λͺ¨μžμ› 원μž₯을 λ§‘μ•„μ˜¨ μ•ˆ 씨가 횑령, 비리 λ…Όλž€μ— νœ©μ‹ΈμΈ 건 2010년에 λ“€μ–΄μ„œλ‹€. 타 업체보닀 λΉ„μ‹Ό λ‹¨κ°€λ‘œ 원단업체와 κ±°λž˜ν•œ λ’€, 차앑을 λŒλ €λ°›λŠ” μˆ˜λ²•μœΌλ‘œ λˆμ„ 횑령 ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것이닀. 노쑰에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄, 2012λ…„λΆ€ν„° 5λ…„κ°„ 원단 자재의 단가 차앑은 μ•½ 51μ–΅ 원에 λ‹¬ν–ˆλ‹€. μ•ˆ μ”¨λŠ” 2012λ…„ μ‚¬κΈ°νš‘λ Ή 혐의둜 검찰에 λΆˆκ΅¬μ†κΈ°μ†Œ 됐고, λŒ€λ²•μ›μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° ν™•μ •νŒκ²°μ„ λ°›μ•˜λ‹€.

이후 곡μž₯ κ²½μ˜λ‚œμ΄ μ‹¬ν™”ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ 180λͺ…μ΄μ—ˆλ˜ 직원이 50μ—¬ λͺ…μœΌλ‘œ μ€„μ—ˆλ‹€. μ²΄λΆˆμž„κΈˆλ„ μŒ“μ΄λ©° 노사 κ°ˆλ“±μ΄ 증폭됐닀. 2018λ…„μ—λŠ” λ³΅μ§€νšŒκ°€ 제1곡μž₯을 μ€‘μ†ŒκΈ°μ—…μ²­μ— β€˜μ§μ ‘μƒμ‚° λ“±λ‘μ—…μ²΄β€™λ‘œ λ“±λ‘ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„, λΆ€μ •λ‹Ή μ—…μ²΄λ‘œ 지정돼 κ²°κ΅­ 곡μž₯ 폐쇄 μˆ˜μˆœμ„ λ°Ÿμ•˜λ‹€. κ·Έ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ μ§€λ‚œ 2μ›” λ…Έμ‘°μœ„μ›μž₯을 ν¬ν•¨ν•œ 쑰합원듀이 정리해고됐닀. λ…Έμ‘°λŠ” λ³΅μ§€νšŒκ°€ μ˜λ„μ μœΌλ‘œ νμ—…μˆ˜μˆœμ„ λ°Ÿμ€ 것이라며 λ…Έλ™μœ„μ›νšŒμ— λΆ€λ‹Ήν•΄κ³  및 λΆ€λ‹Ήλ…Έλ™ν–‰μœ„ κ΅¬μ œμ‹ μ²­μ„ μ œκΈ°ν–ˆκ³ , μ€‘μ•™λ…Έλ™μœ„μ›νšŒλŠ” μ§€λ‚œ 8μ›” λ…Έλ™μžμ˜ 손을 듀어쀬닀. λ³΅μ§€νšŒλŠ” 이에 λΆˆλ³΅ν•΄ ν˜„μž¬ ν–‰μ •μ†Œμ†‘μ„ μ œκΈ°ν•œ μƒνƒœλ‹€.

λ³΅μ§€νšŒμ˜ 횑령과 비리, 노쑰탄압 λ“±μœΌλ‘œ λ…Όλž€μ΄ 되자 μ•ˆλͺ©λ‹¨ μ „ λŒ€ν‘œλŠ” 2013λ…„ λŒ€ν‘œ μ΄μ‚¬μ§μ—μ„œ λ¬ΌλŸ¬λ‚¬λ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·ΈλŠ” μ—¬μ „νžˆ 미망인회의 고문으둜 자리λ₯Ό μ§€ν‚€κ³  μžˆλ‹€. μ •λŒ€μ€‘ μ‹€μž₯은 β€œλ―Έλ§μΈνšŒλŠ” κ΅­κ°€μœ κ³΅μžλ²•μ— μ˜ν•΄ μ„€λ¦½λœ 단체닀. μˆ˜μ΅μ‚¬μ—…μ„ ν•˜λ €λ©΄ λ³΅μ§€μ‚¬μ—…μ‹¬μ˜μœ„μ›νšŒμ˜ μ‹¬μ˜, μ˜κ²°μ„ λ°›μ•„μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ―Έλ§μΈνšŒλŠ” λ³΅μ§€νšŒλ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ μˆ˜μ΅μ‚¬μ—…μœΌλ‘œ 지원을 λ°›μ•„μ™”λ‹€. 두 λ‹¨μ²΄μ˜ 인물듀도 κ²ΉμΉœλ‹€. 사싀상 λ…λ¦½λœ λ‹¨μ²΄λ‘œ λ³Ό 수 없닀”며 β€œν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ΅­μ •κ°μ‚¬μ—μ„œ κ΅­κ°€λ³΄ν›ˆμ²˜λŠ” μžμ‹ λ“€ μ†Œκ΄€μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌκ³  ν–ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€ 법인과 λ³΄ν›ˆλ‹¨μ²΄κ°€ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μ£Όλ¨Ήκ΅¬κ΅¬μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μš΄μ˜λ˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ” 것”이라고 μ§€μ ν–ˆλ‹€.

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Case 3:

Social Welfare Corporation Connected to the National Veterans Affairs Administration, Involving Embezzlement, Corruption, and Labor Suppression

The Widow's Welfare Association (hereafter referred to as the Association), which operates the Magnolia Welfare Facility in Daegu, has been embroiled in controversy for several years due to embezzlement and corruption by executives such as the chairman. The founder, Mr. Ahn Mok-dan, established the first civilian military pant sewing factory in 1972 with the help of Ms. Yuk Young-soo. Initially, it started as a social welfare corporation to help war widows, but it has since expanded its scope to include welfare facilities for widows, childcare centers, and scholarship programs. The military pant sewing factory operated by the corporation served as a profit-making business to support single-parent families and children.

Mr. Ahn, the former chairman and director of the Association, played a significant role in the women's movement during the Park Chung-hee and Chun Doo-hwan regimes. Before the establishment of the Fifth Republic under the Chun Doo-hwan regime, he was listed as a representative of the women's sector among the 81 members of the National Defense Legislation Conference. The National Defense Legislation Conference was a body established to lay the legal foundation for the establishment of the Chun Doo-hwan regime, with all 81 members appointed by Chun Doo-hwan. At that time, the National Defense Legislation Conference passed various laws, including laws banning political activities of political figures, as well as amendments to the National Security Law, Press Basic Law, Labor Law, and Housing Law. Mr. Ahn's title at the time he participated in the legislation conference was the chairman of the Korea War Veterans Association for the Bereaved Family (Bereaved Family Association).

The Bereaved Family Association is an institution operated with subsidies from the National Veterans Affairs Administration, a government agency. The Association has effectively functioned as a regional subsidiary of the Bereaved Family Association. In fact, the Association was established based on a resolution at a meeting of officials of the Gyeongsangbuk-do branch of the Bereaved Family Association in 1971. The profits generated by the operation of the factory also went to the Bereaved Family Association. Mr. Ahn, along with former chairmen of the Bereaved Family Association, served as chairman and director of the Association. Jeong Dae-jung, head of the nationwide fiber distribution labor union of the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions, explained, "The Association of Bereaved War Widows is the top organization under the Korean War Veterans Association. Each regional branch is affiliated with the Bereaved Family Association, and the Association is affiliated with the Gyeongsangbuk-do branch. In fact, they are virtually the same entity."

The controversy surrounding embezzlement, corruption, and labor suppression involving Mr. Ahn, who served as the 10th chairman of the Bereaved Family Association and director of the Association for 40 years, began around 2010. It was reported that he embezzled money by purchasing raw materials from fabric companies at higher prices than other companies and then receiving the difference. According to the union, the price difference for raw materials from 2012 to 2017 amounted to approximately 5.1 billion won. Mr. Ahn was indicted without detention on charges of fraud and embezzlement in 2012 and received a final ruling from the Supreme Court.

Subsequently, as the management crisis at the factory worsened, the number of employees decreased from 180 to about 50. Unpaid wages accumulated, and labor disputes intensified. In 2018, the Association failed to register the first factory as a "direct production registered company" with the Small and Medium Business Administration, leading to its designation as an illegal company, ultimately leading to the closure of the factory. In the process, union members, including the head of the union, were dismissed in February. The union filed a petition for unfair dismissal and unfair labor practices with the Labor Committee, and the Central Labor Committee ruled in favor of the workers in August. The Association has filed an administrative lawsuit against this decision.

Amid controversies over embezzlement, corruption, and labor suppression by the Association, Mr. Ahn retired from his position as chairman and director in 2013. However, he still holds the position of advisor to the Bereaved Family Association. Jeong Dae-jung, the head of the union, pointed out, "The Bereaved Family Association is an organization established under the Act on Veterans of War, and if it wants to engage in profit-making activities, it must undergo review and approval by the Social Welfare Business Review Committee. However, the Bereaved Family Association has received support for profit-making activities through the Association. There is also overlap in personnel between the two organizations. In fact, it cannot be considered an independent organization." He further criticized, "However, during the national audit, the National Veterans Affairs Administration stated that they were not under their jurisdiction. This shows how the social welfare corporation and the veterans organization are being operated in a haphazard manner."

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사둀4.

곡무원이 제2의 인생을 μ˜μœ„ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€

μž¬λ‹¨λ²•μΈ μ›”λ“œμ„ κ΅νšŒμœ μ§€μž¬λ‹¨μ—μ„œ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” μ€κ°€λžŒλΉŒ(ꡬ μƒˆμ†Œλ§λΉŒλΌ)은 2000년에 μ„€λ¦½λœ λͺ¨μžκ°€μ‘±λ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€μ΄λ‹€. μž¬λ‹¨μ—μ„œ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€μ€ μ€κ°€λžŒλΉŒ, κΏˆλ‚˜λ¬΄ μ•„λ™μ’…ν•©μƒλ‹΄μ†Œ, 에덴어린이집 λ“± μ„Έ 곳이닀. μž¬λ‹¨ μ‚¬μ—…μ˜ μ‹œμ΄ˆκ°€ 됐던 μ•„λ™λ³΄ν˜Έμ„Όν„° β€˜μƒˆμ†Œλ§μ§‘β€™μ€ 2017λ…„ 초 폐쇄됐닀. 원생 κ°„ 성폭λ ₯ 사건이 도화선이 λμ§€λ§Œ, 횑령, ν›„μ›κΈˆ λΆ€μ • μ‚¬μš©, μ±„μš© 비리 의혹 등이 μˆ˜λ…„ μ „λΆ€ν„° λΆˆκ±°μ‘Œλ‹€. β€˜μƒˆμ†Œλ§μ˜μ§‘β€™μ€ μ§€μžμ²΄ 보쑰금과 μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ˜ ν›„μ›κΈˆμ„ ν•©ν•΄ μ—°κ°„ 20μ–΅ 원 μ •λ„μ˜ 지원을 λ°›λŠ” μ‹œμ„€μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. μ›”λ“œμ„ κ΅νšŒμ˜ μžμ‚°μ€ 2019λ…„ κΈ°μ€€ μ•½ 103μ–΅7,000만 원에 λ‹¬ν•œλ‹€.

μž¬λ‹¨κ³Ό μ‹œμ„€μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λŠ” μž„μ§μ›λ“€μ€ 자리λ₯Ό λ°”κΏ”κ°€λ©° λ‚΄λΆ€ ꡬ성원을 κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. μ€κ°€λžŒλΉŒ1λŒ€μ›μž₯이λͺ¨μ”¨λŠ”μƒˆμ†Œλ§μ˜μ§‘(ꡬ μƒˆμ†Œλ§μ†Œλ…„μ˜μ§‘) λ³΄μœ‘μ‚¬μ™€ μž¬λ‹¨ 총무이사λ₯Ό μ—­μž„ν–ˆμœΌλ©°, ν˜„μž¬λŠ” μž¬λ‹¨ μƒμž„μ΄μ‚¬λ‘œ μžˆλ‹€. 2λŒ€ 원μž₯ κΉ€ λͺ¨ μ”¨λŠ” νšŒκ³„μ‚¬λ¬΄μ†Œ 이λ ₯으둜 μž¬λ‹¨κ³Ό μ‹œμ„€μ˜ νšŒκ³„λ₯Ό λ‹΄λ‹Ήν•΄μ™”λ‹€. λΆ€μ²œμ‹œμ˜ 곡무원듀 μ—­μ‹œ μž¬λ‹¨ μš΄μ˜μ— μ€‘μš”ν•œ 좕이 됐닀. μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€κ³Ό 곡무원듀은 ν‡΄μž„ ν›„ μž¬λ‹¨μ˜ μ‹œμ„€μ— 자리 작으며 제2의 인생을 μ˜μœ„ν–ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ κ°€μ‘±λ“€κΉŒμ§€ μž¬λ‹¨ μ‹œμ„€μ˜ 직원이 λ˜λŠ” κ²½μš°λ„ μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λΆ€μ²œμ‹œμ²­ μ—¬μ„±μ •μ±…κ³Όμ—μ„œ λ³΄μœ‘μ—…λ¬΄λ₯Ό λ‹΄λ‹Ήν•˜λ‹€ 2007λ…„ ν‡΄μ§ν•œ 곡무원 Bμ”¨λŠ” 2010λ…„ μž¬λ‹¨μ΄ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” κΏˆλ‚˜λ¬΄μ•„λ™λ³΅μ§€κ΄€μ— 제3λŒ€ κ΄€μž₯으둜 μ·¨μž„ν•œλ‹€. A씨에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ λ¬Έ μ”¨μ˜ 두 μžλ…€ μ—­μ‹œ μƒˆμ†Œλ§λΉŒλΌμ™€ μƒˆμ†Œλ§μ˜μ§‘μ—μ„œ μ§μ›μœΌλ‘œ μΌν–ˆλ‹€.

Aμ”¨λŠ” β€œλΆ€μ²œμ‹œμ—μ„œ λͺ¨μžμ› μ •κΈ° 감사λ₯Ό λ‚˜κ°ˆ μ˜ˆμ •μ΄λΌλ©° μ„œλ₯˜λ₯Ό μ€€λΉ„ν•΄ λ†“μœΌλΌλŠ” μ „ν™”λ₯Ό 받은 적 μžˆλ‹€. 감사λ₯Ό 미리 μ•Œλ €μ£ΌλŠ” 것에 ν™©λ‹Ήν•΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ° μ˜† 직원이 감사 λ‹΄λ‹Ή 곡무원이 본인의 μ—„λ§ˆλΌκ³  이야기λ₯Ό ν–ˆλ‹€β€λΌκ³  μ¦μ–Έν–ˆλ‹€. λΆ€μ²œμ‹œμ²­μ˜ 아동볡지과 곡무원 C씨 μ—­μ‹œ 곡무원 μƒν™œμ„ ν•˜λ‹€ ν‡΄μž„ ν›„ μž¬λ‹¨μ΄ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 에덴어린이집 원μž₯으둜 μ·¨μž„ν–ˆλ‹€. Cμ”¨λŠ” 10λ…„ 이상 원μž₯으둜 μžˆλ‹€ ν‡΄μ§ν–ˆλ‹€.

곡무원이 퇴직 ν›„ μ‹œμ„€μ— 자리λ₯Ό μž‘λŠ” 일은 적지 μ•Šλ‹€. μ„œμšΈμ‹œμ—μ„œ 가쑱지원을 λ‹΄λ‹Ήν–ˆλ˜ 곡무원 Cμ”¨λŠ” 퇴직 ν›„ 1년도 λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 2019λ…„, Dλͺ¨μžμ› 원μž₯으둜 μ·¨μž„ν–ˆλ‹€. Dλͺ¨μžμ›μ€ 뢈ꡐ μž¬λ‹¨μ΄ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 곳으둜 λŒ€ν•œλΆˆκ΅μ‘°κ³„μ’…μ˜ μŠ€λ‹˜μ΄ μž¬λ‹¨μ˜ λ²•μ£Όλ‘œ μžˆλ‹€. Cμ”¨λŠ” 2018λ…„ μ„œμšΈμ‹œ ν•œλΆ€λͺ¨κ°€μ‘± 지원센터λ₯Ό λŒ€ν•œλΆˆκ΅μ‘°κ³„μ’…μ— μž¬μœ„νƒν•  λ‹Ήμ‹œ λ‹΄λ‹Ή κ³΅λ¬΄μ›μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 이 사업에 μ˜ˆμ‚°μ€ μ•½ 12μ–΅ μ›μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. Cμ”¨λŠ” μ„œμšΈμ‹œ ν•œλΆ€λͺ¨κ°€μ‘±λ³΅μ§€μ‹œμ„€ 운영 κ³„νšκ³Ό μ˜ˆμ‚° 등을 λ‹΄λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” κ³΅λ¬΄μ›μœΌλ‘œ Dμ‹œμ„€μ˜ 행사에도 μ°Έμ—¬ν•΄ μ™”λ‹€.

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Case 4:

A Social Welfare Facility Where Government Officials Pursue Second Careers

The Eun-garam Villa (formerly New Hope Villa), operated by the World Mission Church Maintenance Foundation, is a welfare facility for single-parent families established in 2000. The social welfare facilities operated by the foundation include Eun-garam Villa, Dream Tree Child Comprehensive Counseling Center, and Eden Kindergarten. The Children's Protection Center, "New Hope House," which was the beginning of the foundation's business, was closed in early 2017. The center was embroiled in controversies such as embezzlement, improper use of donations, and allegations of irregularities in hiring, with a sexual assault case among the residents acting as a trigger. "New Hope House" received approximately 2 billion won in annual support, combining subsidies from local governments and donations from citizens. As of 2019, the assets of the World Mission Church amounted to approximately 10.37 billion won.

Employees of the foundation and facilities rotate positions and share internal members. Mr. Lee, the first director of Eun-garam Villa, previously served as a childcare worker at New Hope House (formerly New Hope Boys' Home) and as the general affairs director of the foundation, and currently holds the position of executive director of the foundation. The second director, Mr. Kim, handled the accounting of the foundation and the facilities with a background in accounting firms. Civil servants from Bucheon City also played a significant role in the operation of the foundation. Officials from the Department of Social Welfare retired and pursued second careers at the foundation's facilities. Some even brought their families to work at the facilities. Ms. B, who handled childcare duties at the Department of Women's Policy at Bucheon City Hall and retired in 2007, became the third director of the Dream Tree Children's Welfare Center operated by the foundation in 2010. According to Mr. A, Ms. B's two children also worked as employees at Eun-garam Villa and New Hope House.

Mr. A testified, "I once received a call advising me to prepare documents because Bucheon City was planning a regular audit of the welfare facility. I found it absurd that they would inform us about the audit in advance, and a colleague mentioned that the official in charge of the audit was their mother." Ms. C, a civil servant at the Child Welfare Department of Bucheon City Hall, also became the director of the Eden Kindergarten operated by the foundation after retiring. Ms. C served as the director for over ten years before retiring.

It is not uncommon for civil servants to take positions at facilities after retirement. Mr. C, who was responsible for family support at the Seoul Metropolitan Government, became the director of D Welfare Facility less than a year after retiring in 2019. D Welfare Facility is operated by a Buddhist foundation, with a Buddhist monk serving as the head of the foundation. Mr. C was the official in charge when the Seoul Metropolitan Government entrusted the operation of the Single-Parent Family Support Center to the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism in 2018. The budget for this project was approximately 1.2 billion won. Mr. C was responsible for the operation plan and budget of the Single-Parent Family Welfare Facility in Seoul and also participated in events at D Facility.

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사둀5.

쒅ꡐ단체가 μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” β€˜λ°˜μ—¬μ„±μ β€™ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈ

μ§€λ‚œ 2019λ…„, λͺ¨μžμ› β€˜λ‹¬λΉ›λ‘₯지’λ₯Ό μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈ μ§„κ°λ³΅μ§€μž¬λ‹¨μ—μ„œ λ―Ένˆ¬κ°€ ν„°μ Έ λ‚˜μ™”λ‹€. 진각쒅 μ΅œκ³ μ§€λ„μž νšŒμ • μŠ€λ‹˜μ˜ 첫째 μ•„λ“€ κΉ€ λͺ¨μ”¨κ°€ 2015λ…„λΆ€ν„° μž¬λ‹¨ 사업뢀μž₯으둜 μΌν•˜λ©° 여직원 2λͺ…을 μƒμŠ΅μ μœΌλ‘œ κ°•μ œ μΆ”ν–‰ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” ν­λ‘œμ˜€λ‹€. 사건 이후 μž¬λ‹¨ λŒ€ν‘œκ°€ μ›ν˜œλ‘œ λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ, κ·Έ μ—­μ‹œ μ•žμ„  성폭λ ₯ μ‚¬κ±΄μ˜ 2μ°¨ κ°€ν•΄μžλ‘œ μ§€λͺ©λλ‹€. 미투 사건 λ‹Ήμ‹œ κ·Έκ°€ μ„±μΆ”ν–‰ ν”Όν•΄μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ κ²°ν˜Όμ„ λͺ» ν•  것이라 μ‘°λ‘±ν•˜κ³ , μ„±μΆ”ν–‰ ν­λ‘œμ— λΆˆμˆœν•œ μ˜λ„κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ°œμ–Έν•œ 것이 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 됐닀. λ”μš±μ΄ μ’…λ‹¨μ˜ ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λ©° ν”Όν•΄μžλ“€μ„ 인사 μ‘°μ²˜ν•˜κ² λ‹€λŠ” λ°œμ–Έλ„ ν•΄ μƒλ‹Ήν•œ λ…Όλž€μ΄ 됐닀.

μ²œμ£Όκ΅μ™€ κ°œμ‹ κ΅ 등을 기반으둜 ν•œ λͺ¨μžμ›μ€, κ·Έ νƒœμƒ μžμ²΄κ°€ β€˜λ‚™νƒœ λ°˜λŒ€β€™λΌλŠ” 쒅ꡐ적 신념을 기초둜 ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 특히 미혼λͺ¨ μ‹œμ„€μ˜ 경우,λ‚™νƒœλ°˜λŒ€μš΄λ™μ„λ²Œμ΄λŠ”μ²œμ£Όκ΅μ™€ κ°œμ‹ κ΅κ°€ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°λ‹€ λ‹€μˆ˜λ‹€. 천주ꡐ μž¬λ‹¨μ΄ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 미혼λͺ¨ μ‹œμ„€ β€˜λ§ˆλ¦¬μ•„μ˜ 집’ λ…Έμ •μˆœ μ „ 원μž₯은 1992λ…„ ν•œκ΅­μ— β€˜ν‹΄μŠ€νƒ€ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨β€™μ΄λΌλŠ” μ„±κ΅μœ‘ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ λ„μž…ν•œ 인물이닀. λ―Έκ΅­ 10λŒ€ μ²­μ†Œλ…„μ˜ μž„μ‹ , λ‚™νƒœ 문제 해결을 μœ„ν•΄ μ‹œμž‘λœ 이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€ β€˜μ„±μ€ λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 쾌락의 도ꡬ가 μ•„λ‹Œ 생λͺ… μ°½μ‘°λΌλŠ” μ‘΄μ—„ν•œ κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό κ°–κ³  있으며, μ„±ν–‰μœ„λŠ” 결혼 μƒν™œ μ•ˆμ—μ„œλ§Œ μ™„μ „ν•œ 의미λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 것’을 ꡐ윑 λͺ©ν‘œλ‘œ μ‚ΌλŠ”λ‹€.

κ°œμ‹ κ΅ 기반의 미혼λͺ¨ μ‹œμ„€ β€˜μ• λž€μ›β€™μ—μ„œ 30λ…„κ°„ μΌν•œ ν•œμƒμˆœ μ „ 원μž₯도 λ‚™νƒœμ£„ 폐지 λ°˜λŒ€μ— μ—΄μ„±μ μœΌλ‘œ ν™œλ™ν–ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŠ” μž„μ‹  쀑지 μ‹œμˆ μ„ ν•œ 산뢀인과 및 μ˜μ‚¬λ₯Ό ν˜•μ‚¬ κ³ λ°œν•˜λ©° 극단적인 β€˜λ‚™νƒœβ€™ λ°˜λŒ€ μš΄λ™μ„ 펼친 ν”„λ‘œλΌμ΄ν”„ μ˜μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ μžλ¬Έμœ„μ›μœΌλ‘œ 이름을 올린 이λ ₯이 μžˆλ‹€. 또 사단법인 λ‚™νƒœλ°˜λŒ€μš΄λ™μ—°ν•©μ˜ 회μž₯μ΄μ—ˆλ˜ κΉ€ν˜„μ²  λͺ©μ‚¬μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ λ‚™νƒœ λ°˜λŒ€ 홍보, ν˜Όμ „μˆœκ²°μ„œ λ“±μ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ„ ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆλ‹€.

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Case 5:

A Social Welfare Foundation with a 'Anti-Feminist' Stance Operated by Religious Organizations

In 2019, allegations of sexual misconduct surfaced against the Jin Gak Welfare Foundation, which operates the "Moonlight Nest" shelter. The first son of the highest leader of the Jin Gak Sect, Mr. Kim, who served as the head of foundation operations since 2015, was accused of sexually assaulting two female employees on a regular basis. Following the incident, the foundation's leadership changed to Won Hye, but she was also implicated as a secondary perpetrator in the previous sexual assault case. Issues arose when, during the Me Too movement, she mocked the victims, suggesting they would never get married due to the assault, and insinuated impure intentions behind the accusations. Furthermore, her statement emphasizing the damage to the sect and promising to take disciplinary actions against the victims sparked significant controversy.

Shelters based on Catholicism and Protestantism often have their roots in religious beliefs that oppose abortion. In particular, many facilities for unmarried mothers are operated by Catholic and Protestant organizations engaged in anti-abortion movements. No Jeong-soon, the former director of "Maria's House," a shelter run by a Catholic foundation, introduced a sex education program called the "TeenSTAR Program" to Korea in 1992. This program, initiated to address teenage pregnancy and abortion issues in the United States, aims to educate that "sexuality has the dignity of creating life, rather than being merely a tool for pleasure, and sexual activity has its full meaning only within marriage."

Han Sang-soon, the former director who worked at "Ae-ran-won," a shelter based on Protestantism, for 30 years, was also actively involved in opposing the abolition of abortion laws. She filed criminal complaints against obstetricians and gynecologists who performed abortions and was known as an advisor to the Pro-Life Doctors' Society, advocating extreme anti-abortion movements. She also engaged in educational activities promoting anti-abortion campaigns and abstinence education, along with Pastor Kim Hyun-cheol, who served as the chairman of the Corporation for the Prohibition of Abortion.

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사둀6.

μ—¬μ „νžˆ λͺ¨μžμ›μ„ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μ—…ν˜• μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€

ν•œκ΅­μ˜ 3λŒ€ μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μœΌλ‘œ κΌ½νžˆλŠ” ν™€νŠΈμ•„λ™ λ³΅μ§€νšŒ, λŒ€ν•œμ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€νšŒ, λ™λ°©μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€νšŒλŠ” ν™œλ™ μ‹œμ΄ˆλΆ€ν„° 정뢀와 κΉŠμ€ 연관이 μžˆλ‹€. λŒ€ν•œμ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€νšŒμ˜ 전신인 ν•œκ΅­μ•„λ™μ–‘ν˜ΈνšŒλŠ” 1954λ…„ 이승만 μ „ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ˜ μ§€μ‹œλ‘œ μ„€λ¦½λœ μ •λΆ€κΈ°κ΄€μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€. 이 μ „ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ€ β€œν˜Όν˜ˆκ³ μ•„λ₯Ό μ–‘μž, μ–‘λ…€λ‘œ μ›ν•˜λŠ” 외ꡭ인이 μžˆλŠ” κ²½μš°μ— μ—¬μ°¨ν•œ μ™Έκ΅­μΈμ˜ 원망에 λΆ€μ‘ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ‘°μΉ˜ν•˜λΌβ€κ³  ν•œκ΅­ 졜초의 μž…μ–‘ κΈ°κ΄€ 섀립을 μ§€μ‹œν–ˆλ‹€.

ν™€νŠΈμ•„λ™λ³΅μ§€νšŒμ˜ μ„€λ¦½μž 해리 ν™€νŠΈλŠ” λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μ‹œκΈ°μΈ 1955λ…„ ν•œκ΅­ 정뢀에 9천 λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό κΈ°μ¦ν•˜κ³  ν˜Όν˜ˆμ•„λ™μ΄ μž…μ–‘ μ „κΉŒμ§€ λŒ€κΈ°ν•˜λŠ” β€˜λ¦¬μ‹œλΉ™ ν™ˆβ€™μ„ 상도동에 μ„€λ¦½ν•œλ‹€. 해리 ν™€νŠΈλŠ” 1956λ…„μ—” ν™€νŠΈμ”¨ν•΄μ™Έμ–‘μžνšŒλ₯Ό μ„€λ¦½ν•˜κ³  κ΅­λ‚΄ 졜초둜 μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€ μœ ν•™μƒ 3인을 뽑아 λ―Έκ΅­ μœ ν•™μ„ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ”λ° κ·Έ 쀑 ν•œ λͺ…인 백근칠은 ν•œκ΅­μœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„μ™€ μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μΈ ν•œκ΅­μ‚¬νšŒλ΄‰μ‚¬νšŒλ₯Ό μ„€λ¦½ν•œλ‹€. 백근칠은 후에 ν•œκ΅­μ•„λ™μ–‘ν˜ΈνšŒκ°€ 개편된 λŒ€ν•œμ–‘μ—°νšŒμ— 회μž₯으둜 μž„λͺ…λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œλ‹€. λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œλͺ…은 내무뢀 차관을 μ—­μž„ν•œ λ°” μžˆλŠ” κΉ€λ“ν™©μœΌλ‘œ, κ·ΈλŠ” 1972λ…„ λ™λ°©μ•„λ™λ³΅μ§€νšŒλ₯Ό μ„€λ¦½ν•œλ‹€.

ν•œνŽΈ λŒ€ν•œμ–‘μ—°νšŒλŠ” 1965λ…„, 무등둝단체 μƒνƒœλ‘œ 11λ…„κ°„ κ΅­κ³  λ³΄μ‘°κΈˆμ„ λ°›μ•„ μ΄μŠˆκ°€ λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œ κ³ μ•„μž…μ–‘λ‹¨μ²΄ 6개 쀑 κ΅­κ³ λ³΄μ‘°κΈˆμ„ λ°›λŠ” λ‹¨μ²΄λŠ” λŒ€ν•œμ–‘μ—°νšŒκ°€ μœ μΌν–ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œ κΈ°μ‚¬λŠ” ▲보쑰할 법적 κ·Όκ±° μ—†λŠ” 무등둝 단체 ν˜Όν˜ˆκ³ μ•„μž…μ–‘μ—λŠ” 자금이 ν•„μš” μ—†λŠ”λ° λ³΄μ‘°ν•œ 점 β–²μž¬μž‘λ…„λΆ€ν„° 보쑰앑을 더 μ¦μ•‘ν•œ 점 β–²κ³ μ•„μž…μ–‘μ‹€μ μ„ 당ꡭ에 λΆ€ν’€λ € λ³΄κ³ ν•œ 점을 μˆ˜μ‚¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  κΈ°λ‘ν–ˆλ‹€.

3λŒ€ μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μ€ μž…μ–‘ μ‚¬μ—…μ˜ μΌν™˜μœΌλ‘œ κ³Όκ±° 미혼λͺ¨μžμ‹œμ„€ μš΄μ˜μ— λ›°μ–΄λ“€μ—ˆλ‹€. 이듀이 미혼λͺ¨ μ‹œμ„€μ„ μš΄μ˜ν•œ κΉŒλ‹­μ€ β€˜μž…μ–‘ μˆ˜μˆ˜λ£Œβ€™λ₯Ό μ±™κΈ°κΈ° μœ„ν•œ μ΄μœ κ°€ μ»Έλ‹€. 이듀 μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μ΄ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 미혼λͺ¨ μ‹œμ„€μ—μ„  μΆœμ‚° ν›„ μž…μ–‘μ„ ν•˜λŠ” 쑰건으둜 μž…μ†Œλ₯Ό ν—ˆκ°€ν•΄ λ…Όλž€μ„ μΌμœΌν‚€κ³€ ν–ˆλ‹€. 2009λ…„ 1μ›”μ—λŠ” β€œμ–‘μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ •λ³΄λ‚˜ μ–‘μœ‘ κ΄€λ ¨ 지원 기관에 λŒ€ν•œ μ†Œκ°œλŠ” ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  μž…μ–‘μ„ κ°•μš”ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 미혼λͺ¨ λ―Όμ›μΈλ“€μ˜ νƒ„μ›μ„œβ€ κ°€ (ꡬ)보건볡지가쑱뢀 신문고에 μ ‘μˆ˜λλ‹€.(4)

μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ°°κ²½ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ§€λ‚œ 2011λ…„, μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μ΄ 미혼λͺ¨μžμ‹œμ„€ μš΄μ˜μ„ κΈˆμ§€ν•˜λŠ” λ‚΄μš©μœΌλ‘œ β€˜ν•œλΆ€λͺ¨κ°€μ‘±μ§€μ›λ²•’이 κ°œμ •λλ‹€. 이에 λ°˜λ°œν•œ 3개 μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μ€ ν—Œλ²•μ†Œμ›μ„ μ²­κ΅¬ν–ˆμœΌλ‚˜, 2012λ…„ ν—Œλ²•μž¬νŒμ†ŒλŠ” ν•©ν—Œ νŒκ²°μ„ λ‚΄λ Έλ‹€. ν•΄λ‹Ή κ°œμ •μ•ˆμ΄ 미혼λͺ¨μ— λŒ€ν•œ μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ λΆ€λ‹Ήν•œ μž…μ–‘ ꢌ유λ₯Ό λ°©μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” νŒλ‹¨μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€.

ν—Œλ²•μž¬νŒμ†Œμ˜ κ²°μ •μœΌλ‘œ μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€λ“€μ΄ 미혼λͺ¨μžμ‹œμ„€μ—μ„œ 손을 λ—€ 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆλ‹€. β€˜κΈ°λ³Έμƒν™œμ§€μ›ν˜•β€™ 미혼λͺ¨ μ‹œμ„€μ„ μš΄μ˜ν•  수 μ—†κ²Œ 된 μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€λ“€μ€ β€˜κ³΅λ™μƒν™œμ§€μ›ν˜•β€™μœΌλ‘œ μ‹œμ„€ μœ ν˜•μ„ λ°”κΏ” μš΄μ˜μ„ μ΄μ–΄λ‚˜κ°”λ‹€. κΈ°λ³Έμƒν™œμ§€μ›ν˜•(1μ°¨)은 μΆœμ‚° 6κ°œμ›” μ΄λ‚΄μ˜ μž„μ‚°λΆ€κ°€ λ¨Έλ¬΄λŠ” 곳이며, κ³΅λ™μƒν™œμ§€μ›ν˜•(2μ°¨)은 생후 36κ°œμ›” 미만의 μžλ…€λ₯Ό λ‘” ν•œλΆ€λͺ¨κ°€μ •이 머무λ₯΄λŠ” 곳이닀. 2012λ…„ μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μ΄ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λ˜ 미혼λͺ¨μžμ‹œμ„€ 16κ³³ 쀑 11곳은 ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ„€ μœ ν˜•μ„ μ „ν™˜ν•΄ μš΄μ˜μ„ 이어가고 μžˆλ‹€.

ν•œνŽΈ κ΅­λ‚΄ 3λŒ€ μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€λ“€μ€ 아동·μž₯애인· 노인 볡지 사업을 λΉ„λ‘―ν•΄ λ³‘μ›κΉŒμ§€ μš΄μ˜ν•˜λ©° ν˜„μž¬λŠ” κ±°λŒ€ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€λ²•μΈμœΌλ‘œ μžλ¦¬ν–ˆλ‹€. λΉ„μ˜λ¦¬λ²•μΈμΈ 이 μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€λ“€μ˜ 사업 μˆ˜μ΅μ€ 2019λ…„ κΈ°μ€€ ν™€νŠΈμ•„λ™λ³΅μ§€νšŒ 752μ–΅4394만 원, λ™λ°©μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€νšŒ 340μ–΅9971만 원, λŒ€ν•œμ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€νšŒ 347μ–΅5054만 원에 λ‹¬ν•œλ‹€. μ‚¬μ—…μˆ˜μ΅μ€ μ •λΆ€ λ³΄μ‘°κΈˆμ„ λΉ„λ‘―ν•΄ κΈ°λΆ€ κΈˆν’ˆ(μ˜λ¦¬λ²•μΈ, 개인, λͺ¨κΈˆλ‹¨μ²΄Β·μž¬λ‹¨ λ“±) λ“±μœΌλ‘œ ꡬ성돼 μžˆλ‹€.

4. κΉ€κ·€μˆœ(2010). β€œν•œλΆ€λͺ¨κ°€μ‘±μ§€μ›λ²• 일뢀 κ°œμ • 법λ₯ μ•ˆ 검토보고: 졜영희 μ˜μ› λŒ€ν‘œλ°œμ˜β€, μ—¬μ„±κ°€μ‘±μœ„μ›νšŒ. μ •ν˜œμ›(2014), (재)경기도가쑱여성연ꡬ원, β€œμž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ 미혼λͺ¨κΈ°λ³Έμƒν™œμ‹œμ„€ μš΄μ˜μ œν•œκ³Ό κ³Όμ œβ€μ—μ„œ 재인용.

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Case 6:

Corporate-Style Adoption Agencies Still Operating Maternity Homes

Three major adoption agencies in Korea - Holt Children's Services, the Korean Association for Social Welfare (Note: this is Korea Social Service / KSS), and the Oriental Social Welfare Association (Note: this is Eastern) - have been closely associated with the government since their inception. The precursor of the Korean Association for Social Welfare, the Korea Child Welfare Association, was established as a government agency in 1954 under the direction of former President Lee Seung-man. The former president directed, "Take measures to respond to the resentment of foreign nationals who wish to adopt mixed-race orphans by establishing Korea's first adoption agency."

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ν™€νŠΈμ•„λ™λ³΅μ§€νšŒμ˜ μ„€λ¦½μž 해리 ν™€νŠΈλŠ” λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ μ‹œκΈ°μΈ 1955λ…„ ν•œκ΅­ 정뢀에 9천 λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό κΈ°μ¦ν•˜κ³  ν˜Όν˜ˆμ•„λ™μ΄ μž…μ–‘ μ „κΉŒμ§€ λŒ€κΈ°ν•˜λŠ” β€˜λ¦¬μ‹œλΉ™ ν™ˆβ€™μ„ 상도동에 μ„€λ¦½ν•œλ‹€. 해리 ν™€νŠΈλŠ” 1956λ…„μ—” ν™€νŠΈμ”¨ν•΄μ™Έμ–‘μžνšŒλ₯Ό μ„€λ¦½ν•˜κ³  κ΅­λ‚΄ 졜초둜 μ‚¬νšŒλ³΅μ§€ μœ ν•™μƒ 3인을 뽑아 λ―Έκ΅­ μœ ν•™μ„ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ”λ° κ·Έ 쀑 ν•œ λͺ…인 백근칠은 ν•œκ΅­μœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„μ™€ μž…μ–‘κΈ°κ΄€μΈ ν•œκ΅­μ‚¬νšŒλ΄‰μ‚¬νšŒλ₯Ό μ„€λ¦½ν•œλ‹€. 백근칠은 후에 ν•œκ΅­μ•„λ™μ–‘ν˜ΈνšŒκ°€ 개편된 λŒ€ν•œμ–‘μ—°νšŒμ— 회μž₯으둜 μž„λͺ…λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œλ‹€. λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œλͺ…은 내무뢀 차관을 μ—­μž„ν•œ λ°” μžˆλŠ” κΉ€λ“ν™©μœΌλ‘œ, κ·ΈλŠ” 1972λ…„ λ™λ°©μ•„λ™λ³΅μ§€νšŒλ₯Ό μ„€λ¦½ν•œλ‹€.

ν•œνŽΈ λŒ€ν•œμ–‘μ—°νšŒλŠ” 1965λ…„, 무등둝단체 μƒνƒœλ‘œ 11λ…„κ°„ κ΅­κ³  λ³΄μ‘°κΈˆμ„ λ°›μ•„ μ΄μŠˆκ°€ λ˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œ κ³ μ•„μž…μ–‘λ‹¨μ²΄ 6개 쀑 κ΅­κ³ λ³΄μ‘°κΈˆμ„ λ°›λŠ” λ‹¨μ²΄λŠ” λŒ€ν•œμ–‘μ—°νšŒκ°€ μœ μΌν–ˆλ‹€. λ‹Ήμ‹œ κΈ°μ‚¬λŠ” ▲보쑰할 법적 κ·Όκ±° μ—†λŠ” 무등둝 단체 ν˜Όν˜ˆκ³ μ•„μž…μ–‘μ—λŠ” 자금이 ν•„μš” μ—†λŠ”λ° λ³΄μ‘°ν•œ 점 β–²μž¬μž‘λ…„λΆ€ν„° 보쑰앑을 더 μ¦μ•‘ν•œ 점 β–²κ³ μ•„μž…μ–‘μ‹€μ μ„ 당ꡭ에 λΆ€ν’€λ € λ³΄κ³ ν•œ 점을 μˆ˜μ‚¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  κΈ°λ‘ν–ˆλ‹€.

Harry Holt, the founder of Holt Children's Services, donated $9,000 to the Korean government in 1955 and established a "Receiving Home" in Sango-dong where mixed-race children awaited adoption. In 1956, Harry Holt founded the Holt Adoption Agency Overseas and selected three social welfare students to study abroad in the United States. Among them, Baek Geun-chil returned to Korea and established the Korean Social Welfare Society (Note: this is Korea Social Service / KSS), an adoption agency. Baek Geun-chil later served as the chairman of the reorganized Korean Adoption Association. Another individual, Kim Deuk-hwang, who had previously served as the Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Home Affairs, founded the Oriental Children's Welfare Association (Note: this is Eastern) in 1972.

Meanwhile, the Korean Adoption Association became an issue in 1965 when, as an unregistered organization, it received government subsidies for 11 years. At that time, among six orphan adoption agencies, the Korean Adoption Association was the only one receiving government subsidies. Articles from that period record that investigations were underway regarding β–² the allocation of subsidies to unregistered organizations for the adoption of mixed-race orphans, for which no legal basis for support existed β–² increased subsidies since the year before β–² and exaggeration of the adoption performance reported to the authorities.

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As part of their adoption activities, the three major adoption agencies also became involved in operating maternity homes for unmarried mothers in the past. The reason for their involvement in running maternity homes for unmarried mothers was largely to collect "adoption fees." Controversy arose when these adoption agencies operated maternity homes where adoption was a condition for admission after childbirth. In January 2009, a petition was filed by unmarried mothers alleging that they were coerced into adoption without being provided information on childcare or introduced to childcare support organizations, and it was received by the Ministry of Health and Welfare's former hotline.

Due to this background, in 2011, the "Single Parent Family Support Act" was amended to prohibit adoption agencies from operating maternity homes for unmarried mothers. In response, the three adoption agencies filed a constitutional petition, but in 2012, the Constitutional Court ruled that the amendment was constitutional. It was judged that the amendment aimed to prevent adoption agencies from unfairly persuading unmarried mothers to relinquish their children for adoption.

Despite the Constitutional Court's decision, adoption agencies did not completely withdraw from operating maternity homes for unmarried mothers. Adoption agencies that were no longer able to operate "basic living support type" maternity homes changed their facility types to "shared living support type" and continued their operations. The "basic living support type (1st phase)" allows pregnant women to stay within six months of childbirth, while the "shared living support type (2nd phase)" accommodates single-parent families with children under 36 months of age. Of the 16 maternity homes operated by adoption agencies in 2012, 11 have since converted their facility types and continue to operate.

On the other hand, the three major adoption agencies in Korea have become giant social welfare corporations, running welfare programs for children, people with disabilities, the elderly, and even hospitals. The business profits of these non-profit organizations totaled 75,243.94 million won for Holt Children's Services, 34,099.71 million won for the Oriental Social Welfare Association, and 34,750.54 million won for the Korean Association for Social Welfare as of 2019 (Note: this is Korea Social Service / KSS). Business profits are composed of government subsidies as well as donations (from corporations, individuals, fundraising organizations, foundations, etc.).”